新聞總愛用聳動標題引導民眾。 讓我們仔細來看看 "這是真的嗎?" 之後會有一系列的文章帶大家來檢視這方面的新聞 直接說重點 這項研究無法確證飲食行為實際導致較早進入更年期。所以不用刻意去改變飲食。 但是如果本身有心血管疾病或是糖尿病等慢性疾病,基於這些慢性疾病,本身就需要調整飲食,而不是調整飲食就能將更年期延後。 素食主義者,因為飲食差異導致攝取的營養不同,使得素食主義者提早一年進入更年期。 下方有中文跟英文版 英國里茲大學(University of Leeds)研究發現,多攝取油脂含量高的魚類,可能讓女性進入更年期的時間延後3年。此外,多攝取精緻碳水化合物,尤其是義大利麵與白米飯,則可能提早1.5年進入更年期。不過,專家指出,這項研究屬於觀察性質,並非論證食物導致更年期延遲或提早,女性無須因此擔心改變飲食習慣。 里茲大學針對914名在40至65歲進入更年期的英國婦女,展開這項長達4年、首度檢視食物與更年期之關聯的研究,研究成果刊登於「流行病學與社區健康期刊」(Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)。 常吃精緻碳水化合物 早1.5年停經 研究發現,鮭魚、鯖魚與沙丁魚等油脂量高的魚類,與更年期延後報到最有關聯,每天攝取90克相關魚肉,可延後3.3年進入更年期,而多攝取豌豆、豆類、扁豆與鷹嘴豆等豆科食物,也有助於延遲更年期,每天攝取90克可延後1年。多攝取維他命B6與鋅也有相關功效。另外,吃肉者比素食者平均延後1年進入更年期。 這項研究也將體重、生育次數等影響更年期開始的可能因素納入考量,但不包括遺傳因素。英國婦女平均51歲進入更年期,而早進入更年期的女性,罹患骨質疏鬆與心臟疾病的風險較高,晚進入者則較可能罹患乳癌、子宮癌與卵巢癌。 對於上述發現,研究人員解釋,豆科食物含抗氧化劑,可維持較久的月經年限,高油脂魚類的Omega-3脂肪酸也有刺激身體抗氧化能力的效果。精緻碳水化合物將增加「胰島素阻抗」的風險,進而干擾性荷爾蒙的活動,並提高雌激素濃度,這些都可能增加月經週期次數,致使卵子較快被排光。 倫敦帝國學院內分泌專家賈雅森納(Channa Jayasena)指出,「身體的新陳代謝在排卵的控制與月經來潮上扮演重要角色。這些觀察性研究的一大侷限,是無法確證飲食行為實際導致較早進入更年期,在掌握這類證據之前,我不認為有理由改變飲食」。英國更年期學會主席艾伯內希(Kathy Abernethy)則認為,儘管這項研究無法證明任何因果關聯,但仍有助於瞭解某些女性為何比他人更早進入更年期。 Women who eat more pasta tend to get menopause earlier By New Scientist staff and Press Association A study of more than 900 women in the UK has found that eating more white pasta and rice is linked to getting menopause earlier, while a diet rich in oily fish is linked to later menopause. However, it is not possible to tell if these diets directly affect the onset of menopause, or if they merely reflect some other, hidden factor. Janet Cade, at the University of Leeds, UK, and colleagues analysed data from 900 women who experienced menopause between the ages of 40 and 65. They found that the average age of menopause was 51, but that certain foods were associated with when menopause begun. Women who ate an additional daily portion of refined white pasta or rice tended to reach menopause around one-and-a-half years earlier than average, while an extra daily serving of oily fish was associated with a delay of more than three years. Diets high in fresh legumes – such as peas and beans – were linked with women reaching the menopause around a year later. Higher intake of vitamin B6 and zinc were also associated with later menopause. Health implications “The age at which menopause begins can have serious health implications for some women,” says Cade. Women who go through menopause early can have an increased risk of osteoporosis and heart disease, while those who do so later can be more likely to develop breast, womb and ovarian cancers. Cade and her colleagues suggest that the antioxidants in legumes may help keep the menstrual cycle going for longer, and that omega 3 fatty acids – which are abundant in oily fish – may boost this. It’s possible that refined carbohydrates increase the risk of insulin resistance, which may interfere with sex hormones. “The body’s metabolism plays an important role regulating ovulation and periods,” says Channa Jayasena, at Imperial College London. But he warns against inferring a dietary recipe for delaying the menopause from this study. “Unfortunately, a big limitation of these observational studies is their inability to prove that dietary behaviour actually causes early menopause. Until we have that type of proof, I see no reason for people to change their diet.” Journal reference: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
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